Rhetorical Visions: Reading and Writing in a Visual Culture

Table of Contents

Preface: About This Book

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION: RHETORICAL VISIONS

Rhetoric: All the Available Means of Persuasion

Understanding Rhetorical Context

Rhetor

Audience

Text

Rhetorical Analysis: A Summation

The Political Power of Rhetoric

The Rhetorical Gaze

Identification and Difference

CHAPTER II

READING AND WRITING RHETORICALLY

Analysis and Genesis: Twin Rhetorical Acts

Form and Content: The “How” and “What” of Rhetorical Analysis

KRC’s: Tools of Rhetorical Analysis

Writing Rhetorical Texts

Invention

Arrangement

Style

Memory

Delivery

Explication and Analysis

Sample Student Text

READINGS

CHAPTER III

FAMILIAL GAZES: REWORKING THE FAMILY ALBUM

Key Rhetorical Concepts: memory, description, interpretation, narrative

Critical Frame

Archives and Familial Gazes

Reading Family Photographs: Moving from Description to Interpretation

What is Seen

What is Not Seen

Reading Contexts

Linking Family Stories

Popular Images of the American Family

Memory and Interpretation

Readings

Maxine Hong Kingston, “Photograph of My Parents” Memoir

bell hooks, “In Our Glory: Photography and Black Life” Essay

Mark Jeffreys, “The Visible Cripple (Scars and Other Disfiguring

Displays Included)” Essay/Memoir

Annette Kuhn, “Remembrance” Essay/Memoir

Connie May Fowler, “No Snapshots in the Attic: A Grandmother’s

Search for a Cherokee Past” Memoir

Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler, “La Familia” Interview/Memoir

Tomas Rivera, “The Portrait” Short Story

Jeffrey Wolin, Images from Written in Memory: Portraits of the Holocaust Portraits

Marianne Hirsch, “Reframing the Human Family Romance” Essay

Sharon Olds, “I Go Back to May 1937” Poem

– “Looking at Them Asleep” Poem

CHAPTER IV

NATIONAL GAZES: WITNESSING NATIONS

Key Rhetorical Concepts: context, metonymy, metaphor

Critical Frame

Intersections: Familial and National Gazes

The Rhetorical Work of Memorials

Reading Contexts through Metaphor and Metonymy

Remembrance: Rituals and Collective Identification

Readings

Dinitia Smith, “Slave Site as Memorial for Freedom” Newspaper Article

Marita Sturken, “The Image as Memorial” Essay

Roadside memorials Photographs

Diana Taylor,”Lost in the Field of Vision: Witnessing September 11” Essay

Four Images from the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Archives Portraits

Wendy Kozol, “The Kind of People Who Make Good Americans” Essay

The U.S. Flag as Cultural Icon Photographs

Aurora Morales, “Child of the Americas” Poem

Robert Kaplan, “The Rusted Iron Curtain” Essay

Maya Angelou, “Champion of the World” Memoir

Orlando Patterson and Jason Kaufman, “Bowling for Democracy” Op-Ed

CHAPTER V

TRAVELING GAZES: SHAPING MOBILE IDENTITIES

Key Rhetorical Concepts: identification and difference

Critical Frame

Identifying Tourists and Tourism

Troubling Binaries

The Economics of Tourism

Far and Away Places

Touring Differently

Readings

Elizabeth Bishop, “Questions of Travel” Poem

Adrienne Rich, “Atlas of the World” Poem

Catherine Lutz and Collins, “The Photograph as an Intersection of Gazes” Essay

Travel to India Recruitment poster/

Web page

James Clifford, “White Ethnicity” Essay

John Hockenberry, “Walking with the Kurds” Memoir

Jamaica Kincaid, “A Small Place” Essay

Haunani-Kay Trask, “Tourists, Stay Home” Essay

Evelyn Alsultany, “Los Intersticos: Recasting Moving Selves” Essay

Audre Lorde, “The Fourth of July” Memoir

Lilo and Stitch Movie poster

Lisa Nakamura, “Where Do You Want to Go Today? Cybernetic Tourism,

the Internet, and Transnationality” Essay

Jane Kuenz, “It’s a Small World” Essay

CHAPTER VI

CONSUMER GAZES: MADE IN THE USA?

Key Rhetorical Concepts: the appeals: logos, pathos, ethos

Critical Frame

Consumer Appeal

Logic, Ethics, and Emotion in Ads

Consuming College

Readings

Cynthia Enloe, “The Globetrotting Sneaker” Essay

Adbusters Advertisements

Charles Kernaghan, “An Appeal to Walt Disney” Letter

Martin Espada, “Coca Cola and Coco Frio” Poem

Espada/ the Nike Corporation Letters

Liza Featherstone, “Student Activists versus the Corporate University” Essay

Child labor Photographs

Sweatshop Poems

Denise Duhamel, “Manifest Destiny” Poem

Robert Pinsky, “Shirt” Poem

Naomi Shihab Nye, “Catalogue Army” Poem

Barbara Ehrenreich, “Maid to Order” Essay

Pam Spaulding, “New York City 1989” Portrait

Barbie/Doll Suite

Heid E. Erdrich, “Butter Maiden and Maize Girl Survive Death Leap” Poem

Susan Deer Cloud “Her Pocahontas” Poem

Denise Duhamel, “Oriental Barbie” Poem

–-, “Buddha Barbie” Poem

Rabbi Susan Schnur, “Barbie Does Yom Kipper” Essay

Sarala Nagala, “’Om’ Hinduism in American Popular Culture:

Global Strategy or Sacrilegious Mistake?” Essay

CHAPTER VII

DOCUMENTARY GAZES: REPRESENTING HISTORY

Key Rhetorical Concepts: documentary, genre, kairos

Critical Frame

Understanding (the) Genre

Documentary Images at War

Interventionist and Humane Gazes

Documentary as Advocacy

Documentary Outlaws: Challening Audience Expectations

Readings

Michael Ignatieff, “The Stories We Tell: Television and Humanitarian Aid” Essay

Susan Sontag, “Regarding the Pain of Others” Essay

Barbie Zelizer, “Conveying Atrocity in Image” Essay

Robert Coles, “The Tradition: Fact and Fiction” Essay

Paul Fischer, “Moore’s Lore Re-evaluates U.S. Gun Culture” Interview

Georgina Kleege, “Dream Museum: Blindness, Language, and Visual Art” Essay

Rosemarie Garland-Thomson, “The Politics of Staring: Visual Rhetorics

of Disability in Popular Photography” Essay

Catherine Filloux “Photographs from S-21” Play

Photography, Art, Blindness Photographs/

Catalog cover

CHAPTER VIII

DOING RESEARCH

Selection and Analysis of Primary Texts

Collect a set of primary sources and begin taking notes.

Select analytical tools to guide your analysis.

Analyze your primary sources.

Identify a representational trend.

Develop a preliminary argument.

Research and Annotation

Search library databases and websites.

Evaluate the quality and relevance of sources.

Genre

Subheadings and text features

Read and take notes on sources.

Drafting and Revision

The Annotated Bibliography

Bibliographic entry

Annotation: Summary

Evaluation

The Research Prospectus

Situating your topic: background and content

Situating the problem: kairos, or exigency

Situating your audience: significance

Situating your authority: ethos

Writing the (Draft) Research Paper

Describe and analyze primary sources.

Introduce secondary sources.

Refine and complicate your initial thesis.

Arrange the research paper draft.

Organize analytical claims and support.

Generate and place revised thesis.

Consider introductions.

Consider conclusions.

Finishing the Paper

APPENDIX

CONVERSATIONS ACROSS SECTIONS: ASSIGNMENT SEQUENCES

Sequence 1: Reworking the Family Album [Familial and National]

Sequence 2: Racing the Nation/Erasing Discrimination [National/Documentary Gazes]

Sequence 3: Under Western Eyes [Consumer/Traveling Gazes]

Sequence 4: Normalizing Gazes [multiple sections]